I am a novice of the construction staff and want to know.
2 thoughts on “What is elastic paint, water paint, oily paint, latex paint? What are the characteristics of the category?”
Mitchell
Most owners may think that paint is painted, and paint is paint. In fact, the two can sometimes be equal. Sometimes there are differences. The scope of coatings is wider. Some owners may think that the water paint is a latex paint, and the latex paint is water. In fact, there are certain misunderstandings.
Paining: The general term of a type of liquid or solid material that can form a solid coating film with a solid coating film with protection, decoration or special performance (such as insulation, anticorrosion, logo, etc.) can be formed. Including oil (sex) paint, water -based paint, powder coating. Paint: flowing liquid coatings. Including oil (sex) paint and water -based paint. Clasty: Oil -based paint with organic solvents as medium or high -solid and solvents. The water paint: It can be dissolved in water or scattered paint with water. (Water -based wood paint, latex paint) latex paint: latex paint is also known as synthetic resin emulsion coating, which is made of synthetic resin emulsion as A type of water -based paint.
The classification of coatings 1. According to different parts, the paint is mainly divided into wall paint, wood paint and metal paint. Wall paint includes exterior wall paint, interior wall paint and top paint. It is mainly a variety such as latex paint, mainly nitro paint, poly ammonia fat paint, etc. Metal paint is mainly magnetic paint.
2, different states, paint can be divided into water -based paint and oily paint. Latex paint is the main water -based paint, while nitro paint and polytic ammonia paint are mostly oily paint.
The latex paint is a common water -based paint. However, latex paint is different from the commonly said water -based paint. What we usually call water -based paint refers to woodcut paint water -based paint. (Apply painted on the surface of furniture plates, flooring, etc.).
The water paint is a liquid coating with water as a diluent. The biggest difference between water -based paint and traditional oily paint is that water -based paint does not need to add any curing agent and diluent, and only need to be tuned with water. Essence At present, in developed countries such as Europe and the United States, it has basically replaced oily paint, and the penetration rate has reached more than 90%. It is a more environmentally friendly paint. With the continuous enhancement of people’s environmental awareness. More and more owners understand water -based paint and water -based paint. Use water -based paint.
The water -soluble coatings may refer to the improved variety of wood paint. Latex paint can be dissolved in water, but only latex paint is made on the wall.
The family interior decoration selects the inner wall paint
The home decoration is mainly indoor decoration. The coatings mentioned here mainly refer to the inner wall paint. At present, there are mainly the following coatings on the market:
The water -soluble inner wall paint
106, 107 interior wall coatings. The disadvantage is that it is not water -resistant and alkaline. It is easy to peel off after moisture, which is a low -grade interior wall coating.
The latex inner wall coatings
The latex coating of latex in the latex of the latex. Although the price is expensive, but because of excellent performance and good decorative effects, this coating occupies occupied by this coating The market share is getting bigger and bigger. Under the same conditions, phenylphenylasia paint is better than ethyl -coped latex paint -resistant water, alkali, and scrubbing resistance. Ethioprid lactating paint is better than polyache acetic acid vinylene stains (commonly referred to as latex paint). The imported latex paint on the mall is high -end and high -priced coatings. It is slightly better than domestic latex paint in the state of flowing, fineness, color matching, and opening. Other indicators are comparable, but the price is 1 to 2 times higher than that of domestic latex paint. Imported latex paint has some misunderstandings. For example, 1 kg can be brushed more than 8 square meters, which is intended to tell people that the cost per square meter is not more expensive than domestic. But 1 kg is impossible to brush such a large area. The coating is too thin, and other performances are difficult to guarantee. Domestic latex paint also has a lot of good quality, but the price is much lower than imported coatings. For ordinary families, it is more applicable.
Itmlactidic coatings
This is best to use the inner wall latex paint, and the bedroom can be used for polyache acetate (generally called latex paint), but kitchen, toilet and The balcony top shed is susceptible to moisture, and should be selected more scrub -resistant coatings.
In solvent type coatings
The painting that is best for home decoration without solvent type coatings, because the coating film has poor permeability, prone to exposure, a large amount of solvents are lifted out during construction, solvents are lifted, solvents It is generally harmful to the human body, cause pollution and fire in the environment.
1. Basic composition of architectural coatings (1) The base material (mainly film formation substance) The base material is a substance that determines the nature of the coating. , Make coatings the role of continuous coating after drying or curing. Commonly used in architectural coatings include inorganic base materials (such as water glass, silica solution) and organic base materials (such as polyethylene, polyethylene glycol, formaldehyde shrinkage, propane resin, epoxy resin, acetate-propyleate Polymer, polystyrene-propyleate, polymer polymer, polyurethane resin). (2) Food and pigment (secondary film formation material) 1. Filial (physical pigment) The filler is to improve the mechanical performance of coating film, increase coating thickness, reduce coating Materials that shrink and reduce coating costs. The filling is divided into powder and granular materials. Commonly used fillers include heavy crystal powder, light calcium carbonate, calcium carbonate, kaolin and various color sand grains. 2. Pigment The paint is a substance that makes the coatings have the need for the color and make the coating film covering a certain amount of covering ability. The pigment should also have good alkaline resistance and weather resistance. The pigments used in architectural coatings include inorganic mineral pigments, organic pigments and metal pigments. Due to the poor durability of organic pigments, it is less used. The pigments commonly used in architectural coatings, iron oxide red, iron oxide yellow, iron oxide green, iron oxide brown, chromium oxide green, titanium white, zinc white white, group green blue, aluminum powder, copper powder, etc. (3) Disted medium (auxiliary film formation material) Disted medium is a substance that mainly dissolves or decentralized base materials, improves coating construction performance, and increases coating penetration capacity. Because the decentralized media has a great impact on the quality of the coating film, it is required that it should have strong solubility and appropriate volatilization rate. At the same time, it should be paid to overcome the adverse effects of inorganic solvents and toxicity in applications. This coatings are divided into three types: solvent type coatings, water -soluble coatings and emulsion coatings (latex paint) according to the decentralized medium and its effects on the film formation material. Among them It belongs to green coatings. (4) Addizes Turizer is a small amount of substance added to further improve or increase some performance of the paint. There are mainly white agents, dispersers, stabilizers, anti -foaming agents, mold -proof agents, ultraviolet absorbers, flame retardants, etc. . Classification of architectural coatings (1) Based on base material composition: organic coatings, inorganic coatings, organic -inorganic composite coatings. 1. Organic base material (1) solvent type coating: also known as solution -type coating, which is based on synthetic resin, organic solvents as diluents, adding appropriate amounts of pigment, fillers, assistants, etc. coating. The coating film formed by solvent -shaped coatings is delicate, smooth and tenacious, and has high hardness, luster, water resistance, washing resistance, weather resistance, acid and alkali resistance, and gas tightness. And protective and convenient construction. However, the permeability of the coating film is poor, flammable, and the volatile solvents are harmful to the human body. It is required to dry at the grassroots level during construction and the price is high. The solux coating is suitable for the inner, outer wall and ground of the building. (2) Land -type coatings: Also known as latex coatings or latex paint, it is a coatings made of synthetic resin emulsion, adding pigments, fillers, assistants, etc., and dispersed. Synthetic resin emulsion is a lotion of synthetic resin with a particle size of 0.12 μm to 0.5 μm in a lotion formed in water containing emulsifiers. The emulsion coatings are non -toxic and non -combustible, harmless to the human body, low prices, certain permeability, other properties are close to or slightly lower than solvent type coatings, especially the low gloss. Lactic coatings do not require grassroots materials to be dry during construction, but the temperature is prone to more than 100c during construction. Milky coatings used for humidity parts need to be added with mold. Lotion coatings are currently developing coatings that are currently developing. (3) Water -soluble coatings: It is a coating made of water -soluble synthetic resin, adding water, paint, fillers, additives, etc., and is grinded and dispersed. The water -soluble coatings are low in price, non -toxic and tasteless, and convenient construction, but coating film resistance, weather resistance, washing resistance poorly. It is generally suitable for the interior wall of the building. The emulsion coatings and water -soluble coatings are unified into water -based coatings, which belongs to safety coatings. . Inorganic coatings The inorganic coatings are water glass, silicon -solid, cement, etc., add paint, fillers, additives, etc., coatings made of grinding and dispersing. This inorganic coatings are low, non -toxic, non -combustible, and have good covering power. The requirements for the treatment of grass -roots materials are not high. It can be constructed at low temperatures. , Durability, not flammable. Inorganic coatings can be used for inner and outer walls. 3. Organic -inorganic composite coatings Organic -inorganic composite coatings are coatings that use organic base materials even if they use inorganic base materials. Therefore, it has the advantages of inorganic coatings, the advantages of organic coatings, and low cost. Organic -inorganic composite coatings are suitable for the inner and outer walls of the building. (2) Based by use: wall coatings, ground coatings, ceiling roof coatings, etc. (3) divided by function: waterproof coatings, insulation coatings, sound -absorbing coatings, mold -proof coatings, etc. rn （四）按涂膜厚度、形状及质感分：薄质涂料（涂膜厚度为50μm～100μm）与厚质涂料（涂膜厚度为1mm～6mm）；平壁状涂层涂料、 Sand wall coating coatings, uneven three -dimensional pattern coatings. Sepads in Section 2 Common Building Coatings . Commonly used architectural coatings (1) Inner wall coatings . Polyethylene glycol water glass inner wall coatings (106 coatings) The water -soluble interior wall coatings made of polyethylene glycol and water glass as base materials. It has the advantages of rich raw materials, low prices, simple craftsmanship, non -toxic, tasteless, rich color, and certain adhesion between grass -roots materials. The coating is the largest inner wall coatings in China, mainly used for the interior wall and ceiling of residential and general public buildings. It, some measures and process changes such as improving water resistance and washing and brushing can also be used to make modified polyethylene glycol inner wall coatings. In addition to the basically the same main nature, the prominent feature is to improve its washing and brushing (can reach 300 ~ 1000 times). Therefore, it is not only applicable to the rooms of ordinary houses and public buildings, but also for relatively humid environmental rooms such as bathrooms and kitchens. . Polyachamthylene ECC inner wall coatings (polyache acetic acid vinyl latex paint) The inner wall coatings of polyzhaide Ectophastine are emulsion inner wall coatings based on polyache acetate emulsion as the base material. It has the advantages of non -toxic, non -flammary, delicate coating, smooth, colorful, moderate price, convenient construction, and convenient construction. The interior wall and ceiling of general public buildings. 3. Ethyl acetate-propyleate has light emulsion coatings (B-Copycopic Classes) The acetate-propyleate-obliteic emulsion coating is a lotion in interior wall coatings based on B-propyle emulsion as the base material Essence Its water resistance, weather resistance, and alkali resistance are better than the inner wall coatings of polyache acetate emulsion emulsion, and they have gloss. It is a mid -to -high -end interior wall paint. Mainly used in the inner walls and ceiling of residential, offices, conference rooms. 4. The colorful interior wall coatings C colorful interior wall coatings are made of synthetic resin and pigments. Water containing emulsifiers and stabilizers is made of dispersible medium. Milk emulsion interior wall coatings. It is one of the more popular high -end interior wall coatings in China and outside. The colorful interior wall coatings are rich in color, diverse patterns, and have good water resistance, alkali resistance, oil resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and breathability. Essence (2) Outer wall coatings . Lactory coating (benzene -opropilic lotion) The clever coating made of benzal-propyl emulsion as the base material is a lot of good quality at present One of the exterior wall lotion coatings. The styrene-propyleate emulsion coatings are divided into three types: light, semi-light, and light-free. It has excellent water resistance, alkali resistance, light resistance, anti -pollution, rubbing resistance (the number of washing brushes can reach more than 2000 times), and can also have rich colors and texture, suitable for the exterior walls of public buildings. . Polyalized exterior wall coatings Ilifidate ourselves outer wall coatings are the outer wall coatings made of thermoplastic propyleate resin as the base material. They are divided into two types: solvent type and emulsion type. The outer wall coatings of propylene amproyate have excellent water resistance, alkali resistance, high and low temperature resistance, weather resistance, good adhesion, anti -pollution, and washing resistance (the number of washing brushes can reach more than 2000 times), Good decoration, the service life can reach more than 10 years, which is high -end coatings. It is one of the main external wall paint at home and abroad. The exterior wall coatings of propylene glycology are mainly used for exterior walls of public buildings such as stores and office buildings. 3. Polyurethane exterior wall coatings The polyurethane outer wall coating is a solvent -based exterior wall coatings made of polyurethane resin or polyurethane resin and other resin. Polyurethane outer wall coatings have certain elasticity and anti -telescopic fatigue, which can adapt to the deformation of grass -roots materials within a certain range without cracking. Patexine resistance, high and low temperature resistance, washing resistance (the number of washing brushes can reach more than 2000 times), the weather resistance can reach more than 15 years, which is a high -end exterior wall paint. Polyurethane outer wall coatings are mainly used for exterior walls of public buildings such as stores and office buildings. 4. Synthetic resin emulsion sand wall -shaped building coatings (color sand coatings) The synthetic resin emulsion sand wall -shaped building coating is based on synthetic solid resin emulsion as the base material. Essence It is generally constructed with spraying method. The coating has rich colors and texture, and it has good color, water resistance, and good weather resistance. The coating film is solid, the aggregate is not easy to fall off, and the service life can reach more than 10 years. Synthetic resin emulsion sand wall -shaped building coatings are mainly used for exterior walls of public buildings such as office buildings and shops. (3) ground coatings . Polyurethane thick elastic ground coatings The polyurethane thick elastic ground coatings are dual -component solvent -shaped coatings based on polyurethane. It has excellent decorations with good integrity, diverse colors, and water resistance, oil resistance, acid and alkali resistance, good abrasion resistance, and have certain elasticity, comfortable foot feel, but also high prices, raw materials collected materials, raw materials collected materials, raw materials collected materials, raw materials collected materials, raw materials collected materials, raw materials collected materials, raw materials collected materials, raw materials collected materials, raw materials collected materials. Disadvantages such as toxicity. Polyurethane thick elastic ground coatings are mainly used for the ground of high -grade housing, conference rooms, operating rooms, movie theaters and other buildings. It can also be used for waterproof, oil -resistant, and corrosive grounds of waterproof or industrial plants such as basement and bathrooms. . The thick ground coatings of epoxy resin The thick ground coatings of the epoxy resin are dual -component solvent type coatings made of epoxy resin as the base material. It has good chemical corrosion resistance, water resistance, oil resistance, durability, and strong adhesion for coating film and grass -roots materials, hard, wear -resistant, has a certain toughness, diverse colors, and good decoration, but it also is also. There are shortcomings such as high price and toxic raw materials. It is mainly used for the ground of buildings such as senior housing, operating room, laboratory and factory workshop. . The selection principle of building coatings (1) Select building coatings according to different use sites. (2) Select building coatings according to grass -roots materials. (3) Select building coatings according to the decorative application cycle.
The glass-based temperature of elastic coatings is between -28 degrees and 22 degrees, so the paint film at room temperature has strong elasticity. The maximum length of the stretch, the longer the more elasticity, the better. The tensile strength can reach 6.8MPa, that is, the force required for stretching the paint film. The glass -based temperature of ordinary paint is between 20 and 40 degrees, so the paint film is hard at room temperature. There is no elasticity. The stretch rate of the paint film is less than 50%, and the tensile strength is less than 4MPa.
In normal construction, the thickness of the dry paint film of elastic coatings is between 200 and 400 microns, while the thickness of the dry paint film of ordinary paint is 40 to 70 microns. Using elastic coatings, if the wall is cracking, the paint film can be expanded with it, the wall cracks can be made without cracking, and the cracks are prevented from further expanding. It using ordinary paint, if the wall cracks, the paint film will also crack, so that the paint film will lose the protection function of the wall.
The elastic coatings: The resistance to ultraviolet rays, which has super durability. has permanent toughness, which can resist the cracking of the wall. This can block the invasion of water and carbon dioxide. has a special breathing ability to prevent the accumulation of water in the wall. It can also evaporate the water through the paint film
nA paint, used to it, also calls paint. Whether it is high -level decoration or ordinary decoration, it will use paint. The first role of the paint is to protect the surface, and the second role is to modify. In terms of wooden products, because the surface of the wooden products is a porous structure, it is not resistant to dirt, and at the same time, the surface is multi -eye, which is not beautiful enough. The paint can solve these problems at the same time.
The types of paint, choice, and precautions for the introduction. Of course, because there are too many varieties of paint, we only introduce the decoration part.
1. The classification of paint
) Classified by the site. The paint is mainly divided into wall paint, wood paint and metal paint. Wall paint includes exterior wall paint, interior wall paint and top paint, mainly latex paint and other varieties; wood paint mainly includes nitro paint, polyurethane paint, etc.; Metal paint is mainly magnetic paint.
) Classified by state. Paint can be divided into water -based paint and oily paint. Latex paint is the main water -based paint, while nitric paint and polyurethane paint are mostly oily paint.
) Classified by function. Pains can be divided into waterproof paint, fireproof paint, mildew paint, mosquito -resistant paint, and multifunctional paint with a variety of functions.
) Classified according to the form of action. Paint can be divided into volatile paint and non -volatile paint.
) Classified by surface effect. Paint can be divided into transparent paint, translucent paint and opaque paint.
2. The variety of paint
) Wood paint.
(1) Nitrobyl varnish. Nitrotic varnish is a transparent paint made of nitrifying cotton, alcoholic acid resin, plasticizer and organic solvent market. It is a volatile paint and has the characteristics of dryness and soft gloss. Nitro paint is divided into three types: bright, semi -matte and matte, which can be selected as needed. Nitro paint also has its disadvantages: high humidity weather is easy to white, full of plumpness, and low hardness.
(2) paint paint. A nitro paint belongs to a nitro paint, which is a non -transparent paint made of nitrate cotton, various synthetic resins, pigments and organic solvents. This paint is specially prepared for artificial construction and has more fast -drying characteristics.
(3) The main auxiliary agent of the nitro paint:
a. Tian Na water. It is a colorless transparent liquid that is mixed with organic solvents such as ester, alcohol, benzene, and ketone, which has a banana smell, which mainly reconciles nitro paint and curing.
b. Also called water -proof water, the scientific name is ethylene glycol monoline. In the construction of humid weather, the paint film will be whitening, and the diluted dose is appropriately added by 10%-15%of the nitro-magnetic white water to eliminate it.
(4) Polyester paint. It is a thick paint made of polyester resin as the main film. The paint film of polyester paint is full, and the layers are thick. Polyester paint also has a variety variety, called polyester paint.
The polyester paint needs to be solidified during the construction process, and the portion of these curing agents accounts for one -third of the total amount of paint. These curing agents are also called sclerosis, and their main components are TDI (toluene diisocyanate). These ionized TDIs will turn yellow, which will not only make the private paint surface of the family, but also make the neighboring wall yellow. This is a major disadvantage of polyester paint. At present, yellow -resistant polyester paint has appeared on the market, but it can only be “yellow -resistant”. Can’t completely prevent changes. In addition, the excellent free TDI beyond the standard will also cause harm to the human body. [See the content of this chapter 4 (3) for details. 〕
(5) Polyurethane paint. Polyurethane paint is the polyetamic compound. It has a strong paint film, full of luster, strong adhesion, water resistance, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. It is widely used for high -grade wooden furniture and can also be used for metal surfaces. The disadvantages are mainly bubbles, paint film powder, etc.; Like polyester paint, there are also yellowing problems. Polyurethane paint variety variety is called polyurethane paint.
) Inner wall paint. The inner wall paint is mainly divided into water -soluble paint and latex paint. Generally decoration uses latex paint. Latex paint is a lotion coating. According to the different substrates, it is divided into two categories: polyester ethylene emulsion and acrylic. Latex paint is water as a diluent. It is a paint with convenient construction, safety, water -resistant washing, and good breathability. Different colors can be adjusted according to different color schemes.
The latex paint is mainly composed of water, paint, emulsion, fillers and various additives. These raw materials are non -toxic, and may be toxic is mainly toxic glycol and organic mercury in the mold.
The so -called “latex paint” containing a large amount of formaldehyde on the market is actually water -soluble paint instead of latex paint. Some illegal manufacturers use inferior water -soluble paint to fake latex paint. Therefore, choosing positive goods and maintaining ventilation is an effective way to prevent pollution.
3) outer wall paint. The basic performance of the exterior wall latex paint is similar to the inner wall latex paint. However, the paint film is harder and has stronger water resistance. The exterior wall latex paint is generally used in the exterior wall, or it can also be used in a humid place such as the toilet.
of course, the exterior wall latex paint can be used internally, but please do not try to use the inner wall latex paint.
) Fireproof paint. Fireproof paint is a flame retardant coating made of a variety of materials such as film formats, flame retardants, foaming agents. Because a large number of flammable materials such as wood and fabrics are currently used, fire prevention is already a topic worth mentioning.
3. Selection of paint
(1) Select the appropriate paint species according to your needs. Do not blindly pursue a “advanced”, and it is even cheap to buy some inferior products.
(2) Try to purchase it at specialty stores or large stores, and pay attention to the advantages and disadvantages of the packaging.
(3) Do not trust the data of advertising promotion. What you need to care about is just whether the product meets national standards (GB).
In the first talk about clear water and mixed water
is very clear like water. You can see the bottom of the river. The paint used is transparent. You can see the color and patterns of the noodles. The water requirements are very high in clear water, and the selected materials are also very particular. The routine and commonly used clear water splints include water willow, red cricket, white ravioli, black walnut, red walnut, cherry, cherry, cherry, cherry, cherry, cherry Wood, maple, oak, sandy, teak, iron knife wood, zebra wood, various technology wood and so on.
It semi -clear and half mixed is that the bottom of the river is very vague like water. The paint used is transparent and color powder, which is coated on the surface of the object.
Mixed water
is very mixed like water. You can’t see the bottom of the river. The paint is colorful, coated on the surface of the object, and can cover the coating.
What is the mix of water mixing
is the same as the method of water, but when the paint is used, the surface of the coating is repaired. Color, then drawing the varnish, the practice is the same as clear water in the future.
Most owners may think that paint is painted, and paint is paint. In fact, the two can sometimes be equal. Sometimes there are differences. The scope of coatings is wider. Some owners may think that the water paint is a latex paint, and the latex paint is water. In fact, there are certain misunderstandings.
Paining: The general term of a type of liquid or solid material that can form a solid coating film with a solid coating film with protection, decoration or special performance (such as insulation, anticorrosion, logo, etc.) can be formed. Including oil (sex) paint, water -based paint, powder coating.
Paint: flowing liquid coatings. Including oil (sex) paint and water -based paint.
Clasty: Oil -based paint with organic solvents as medium or high -solid and solvents.
The water paint: It can be dissolved in water or scattered paint with water. (Water -based wood paint, latex paint)
latex paint: latex paint is also known as synthetic resin emulsion coating, which is made of synthetic resin emulsion as
A type of water -based paint.
The classification of coatings
1. According to different parts, the paint is mainly divided into wall paint, wood paint and metal paint. Wall paint includes exterior wall paint, interior wall paint and top paint. It is mainly a variety such as latex paint, mainly nitro paint, poly ammonia fat paint, etc. Metal paint is mainly magnetic paint.
2, different states, paint can be divided into water -based paint and oily paint. Latex paint is the main water -based paint, while nitro paint and polytic ammonia paint are mostly oily paint.
The latex paint is a common water -based paint. However, latex paint is different from the commonly said water -based paint. What we usually call water -based paint refers to woodcut paint water -based paint. (Apply painted on the surface of furniture plates, flooring, etc.).
The water paint is a liquid coating with water as a diluent. The biggest difference between water -based paint and traditional oily paint is that water -based paint does not need to add any curing agent and diluent, and only need to be tuned with water. Essence At present, in developed countries such as Europe and the United States, it has basically replaced oily paint, and the penetration rate has reached more than 90%. It is a more environmentally friendly paint. With the continuous enhancement of people’s environmental awareness. More and more owners understand water -based paint and water -based paint. Use water -based paint.
The water -soluble coatings may refer to the improved variety of wood paint. Latex paint can be dissolved in water, but only latex paint is made on the wall.
The family interior decoration selects the inner wall paint
The home decoration is mainly indoor decoration. The coatings mentioned here mainly refer to the inner wall paint. At present, there are mainly the following coatings on the market:
The water -soluble inner wall paint
106, 107 interior wall coatings. The disadvantage is that it is not water -resistant and alkaline. It is easy to peel off after moisture, which is a low -grade interior wall coating.
The latex inner wall coatings
The latex coating of latex in the latex of the latex. Although the price is expensive, but because of excellent performance and good decorative effects, this coating occupies occupied by this coating The market share is getting bigger and bigger.
Under the same conditions, phenylphenylasia paint is better than ethyl -coped latex paint -resistant water, alkali, and scrubbing resistance. Ethioprid lactating paint is better than polyache acetic acid vinylene stains (commonly referred to as latex paint).
The imported latex paint on the mall is high -end and high -priced coatings. It is slightly better than domestic latex paint in the state of flowing, fineness, color matching, and opening. Other indicators are comparable, but the price is 1 to 2 times higher than that of domestic latex paint. Imported latex paint has some misunderstandings. For example, 1 kg can be brushed more than 8 square meters, which is intended to tell people that the cost per square meter is not more expensive than domestic. But 1 kg is impossible to brush such a large area. The coating is too thin, and other performances are difficult to guarantee. Domestic latex paint also has a lot of good quality, but the price is much lower than imported coatings. For ordinary families, it is more applicable.
Itmlactidic coatings
This is best to use the inner wall latex paint, and the bedroom can be used for polyache acetate (generally called latex paint), but kitchen, toilet and The balcony top shed is susceptible to moisture, and should be selected more scrub -resistant coatings.
In solvent type coatings
The painting that is best for home decoration without solvent type coatings, because the coating film has poor permeability, prone to exposure, a large amount of solvents are lifted out during construction, solvents are lifted, solvents It is generally harmful to the human body, cause pollution and fire in the environment.
1. Basic composition of architectural coatings
(1) The base material (mainly film formation substance)
The base material is a substance that determines the nature of the coating. , Make coatings the role of continuous coating after drying or curing. Commonly used in architectural coatings include inorganic base materials (such as water glass, silica solution) and organic base materials (such as polyethylene, polyethylene glycol, formaldehyde shrinkage, propane resin, epoxy resin, acetate-propyleate Polymer, polystyrene-propyleate, polymer polymer, polyurethane resin).
(2) Food and pigment (secondary film formation material)
1. Filial (physical pigment)
The filler is to improve the mechanical performance of coating film, increase coating thickness, reduce coating Materials that shrink and reduce coating costs. The filling is divided into powder and granular materials. Commonly used fillers include heavy crystal powder, light calcium carbonate, calcium carbonate, kaolin and various color sand grains.
2. Pigment
The paint is a substance that makes the coatings have the need for the color and make the coating film covering a certain amount of covering ability. The pigment should also have good alkaline resistance and weather resistance. The pigments used in architectural coatings include inorganic mineral pigments, organic pigments and metal pigments. Due to the poor durability of organic pigments, it is less used. The pigments commonly used in architectural coatings, iron oxide red, iron oxide yellow, iron oxide green, iron oxide brown, chromium oxide green, titanium white, zinc white white, group green blue, aluminum powder, copper powder, etc.
(3) Disted medium (auxiliary film formation material)
Disted medium is a substance that mainly dissolves or decentralized base materials, improves coating construction performance, and increases coating penetration capacity. Because the decentralized media has a great impact on the quality of the coating film, it is required that it should have strong solubility and appropriate volatilization rate. At the same time, it should be paid to overcome the adverse effects of inorganic solvents and toxicity in applications.
This coatings are divided into three types: solvent type coatings, water -soluble coatings and emulsion coatings (latex paint) according to the decentralized medium and its effects on the film formation material. Among them It belongs to green coatings.
(4) Addizes
Turizer is a small amount of substance added to further improve or increase some performance of the paint. There are mainly white agents, dispersers, stabilizers, anti -foaming agents, mold -proof agents, ultraviolet absorbers, flame retardants, etc.
. Classification of architectural coatings
(1) Based on base material composition: organic coatings, inorganic coatings, organic -inorganic composite coatings.
1. Organic base material
(1) solvent type coating: also known as solution -type coating, which is based on synthetic resin, organic solvents as diluents, adding appropriate amounts of pigment, fillers, assistants, etc. coating.
The coating film formed by solvent -shaped coatings is delicate, smooth and tenacious, and has high hardness, luster, water resistance, washing resistance, weather resistance, acid and alkali resistance, and gas tightness. And protective and convenient construction. However, the permeability of the coating film is poor, flammable, and the volatile solvents are harmful to the human body. It is required to dry at the grassroots level during construction and the price is high.
The solux coating is suitable for the inner, outer wall and ground of the building.
(2) Land -type coatings: Also known as latex coatings or latex paint, it is a coatings made of synthetic resin emulsion, adding pigments, fillers, assistants, etc., and dispersed. Synthetic resin emulsion is a lotion of synthetic resin with a particle size of 0.12 μm to 0.5 μm in a lotion formed in water containing emulsifiers.
The emulsion coatings are non -toxic and non -combustible, harmless to the human body, low prices, certain permeability, other properties are close to or slightly lower than solvent type coatings, especially the low gloss. Lactic coatings do not require grassroots materials to be dry during construction, but the temperature is prone to more than 100c during construction. Milky coatings used for humidity parts need to be added with mold. Lotion coatings are currently developing coatings that are currently developing.
(3) Water -soluble coatings: It is a coating made of water -soluble synthetic resin, adding water, paint, fillers, additives, etc., and is grinded and dispersed.
The water -soluble coatings are low in price, non -toxic and tasteless, and convenient construction, but coating film resistance, weather resistance, washing resistance poorly. It is generally suitable for the interior wall of the building.
The emulsion coatings and water -soluble coatings are unified into water -based coatings, which belongs to safety coatings.
. Inorganic coatings
The inorganic coatings are water glass, silicon -solid, cement, etc., add paint, fillers, additives, etc., coatings made of grinding and dispersing.
This inorganic coatings are low, non -toxic, non -combustible, and have good covering power. The requirements for the treatment of grass -roots materials are not high. It can be constructed at low temperatures. , Durability, not flammable. Inorganic coatings can be used for inner and outer walls.
3. Organic -inorganic composite coatings
Organic -inorganic composite coatings are coatings that use organic base materials even if they use inorganic base materials. Therefore, it has the advantages of inorganic coatings, the advantages of organic coatings, and low cost. Organic -inorganic composite coatings are suitable for the inner and outer walls of the building.
(2) Based by use: wall coatings, ground coatings, ceiling roof coatings, etc.
(3) divided by function: waterproof coatings, insulation coatings, sound -absorbing coatings, mold -proof coatings, etc. rn （四）按涂膜厚度、形状及质感分：薄质涂料（涂膜厚度为50μm～100μm）与厚质涂料（涂膜厚度为1mm～6mm）；平壁状涂层涂料、 Sand wall coating coatings, uneven three -dimensional pattern coatings.
Sepads in Section 2 Common Building Coatings
. Commonly used architectural coatings
(1) Inner wall coatings
. Polyethylene glycol water glass inner wall coatings (106 coatings)
The water -soluble interior wall coatings made of polyethylene glycol and water glass as base materials. It has the advantages of rich raw materials, low prices, simple craftsmanship, non -toxic, tasteless, rich color, and certain adhesion between grass -roots materials. The coating is the largest inner wall coatings in China, mainly used for the interior wall and ceiling of residential and general public buildings.
It, some measures and process changes such as improving water resistance and washing and brushing can also be used to make modified polyethylene glycol inner wall coatings. In addition to the basically the same main nature, the prominent feature is to improve its washing and brushing (can reach 300 ~ 1000 times). Therefore, it is not only applicable to the rooms of ordinary houses and public buildings, but also for relatively humid environmental rooms such as bathrooms and kitchens.
. Polyachamthylene ECC inner wall coatings (polyache acetic acid vinyl latex paint)
The inner wall coatings of polyzhaide Ectophastine are emulsion inner wall coatings based on polyache acetate emulsion as the base material. It has the advantages of non -toxic, non -flammary, delicate coating, smooth, colorful, moderate price, convenient construction, and convenient construction. The interior wall and ceiling of general public buildings.
3. Ethyl acetate-propyleate has light emulsion coatings (B-Copycopic Classes)
The acetate-propyleate-obliteic emulsion coating is a lotion in interior wall coatings based on B-propyle emulsion as the base material Essence Its water resistance, weather resistance, and alkali resistance are better than the inner wall coatings of polyache acetate emulsion emulsion, and they have gloss. It is a mid -to -high -end interior wall paint. Mainly used in the inner walls and ceiling of residential, offices, conference rooms.
4. The colorful interior wall coatings
C colorful interior wall coatings are made of synthetic resin and pigments. Water containing emulsifiers and stabilizers is made of dispersible medium. Milk emulsion interior wall coatings. It is one of the more popular high -end interior wall coatings in China and outside. The colorful interior wall coatings are rich in color, diverse patterns, and have good water resistance, alkali resistance, oil resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and breathability. Essence
(2) Outer wall coatings
. Lactory coating (benzene -opropilic lotion)
The clever coating made of benzal-propyl emulsion as the base material is a lot of good quality at present One of the exterior wall lotion coatings. The styrene-propyleate emulsion coatings are divided into three types: light, semi-light, and light-free. It has excellent water resistance, alkali resistance, light resistance, anti -pollution, rubbing resistance (the number of washing brushes can reach more than 2000 times), and can also have rich colors and texture, suitable for the exterior walls of public buildings.
. Polyalized exterior wall coatings
Ilifidate ourselves outer wall coatings are the outer wall coatings made of thermoplastic propyleate resin as the base material. They are divided into two types: solvent type and emulsion type. The outer wall coatings of propylene amproyate have excellent water resistance, alkali resistance, high and low temperature resistance, weather resistance, good adhesion, anti -pollution, and washing resistance (the number of washing brushes can reach more than 2000 times), Good decoration, the service life can reach more than 10 years, which is high -end coatings. It is one of the main external wall paint at home and abroad. The exterior wall coatings of propylene glycology are mainly used for exterior walls of public buildings such as stores and office buildings.
3. Polyurethane exterior wall coatings
The polyurethane outer wall coating is a solvent -based exterior wall coatings made of polyurethane resin or polyurethane resin and other resin. Polyurethane outer wall coatings have certain elasticity and anti -telescopic fatigue, which can adapt to the deformation of grass -roots materials within a certain range without cracking. Patexine resistance, high and low temperature resistance, washing resistance (the number of washing brushes can reach more than 2000 times), the weather resistance can reach more than 15 years, which is a high -end exterior wall paint. Polyurethane outer wall coatings are mainly used for exterior walls of public buildings such as stores and office buildings.
4. Synthetic resin emulsion sand wall -shaped building coatings (color sand coatings)
The synthetic resin emulsion sand wall -shaped building coating is based on synthetic solid resin emulsion as the base material. Essence It is generally constructed with spraying method. The coating has rich colors and texture, and it has good color, water resistance, and good weather resistance. The coating film is solid, the aggregate is not easy to fall off, and the service life can reach more than 10 years. Synthetic resin emulsion sand wall -shaped building coatings are mainly used for exterior walls of public buildings such as office buildings and shops.
(3) ground coatings
. Polyurethane thick elastic ground coatings
The polyurethane thick elastic ground coatings are dual -component solvent -shaped coatings based on polyurethane. It has excellent decorations with good integrity, diverse colors, and water resistance, oil resistance, acid and alkali resistance, good abrasion resistance, and have certain elasticity, comfortable foot feel, but also high prices, raw materials collected materials, raw materials collected materials, raw materials collected materials, raw materials collected materials, raw materials collected materials, raw materials collected materials, raw materials collected materials, raw materials collected materials, raw materials collected materials. Disadvantages such as toxicity. Polyurethane thick elastic ground coatings are mainly used for the ground of high -grade housing, conference rooms, operating rooms, movie theaters and other buildings. It can also be used for waterproof, oil -resistant, and corrosive grounds of waterproof or industrial plants such as basement and bathrooms.
. The thick ground coatings of epoxy resin
The thick ground coatings of the epoxy resin are dual -component solvent type coatings made of epoxy resin as the base material. It has good chemical corrosion resistance, water resistance, oil resistance, durability, and strong adhesion for coating film and grass -roots materials, hard, wear -resistant, has a certain toughness, diverse colors, and good decoration, but it also is also. There are shortcomings such as high price and toxic raw materials. It is mainly used for the ground of buildings such as senior housing, operating room, laboratory and factory workshop.
. The selection principle of building coatings
(1) Select building coatings according to different use sites.
(2) Select building coatings according to grass -roots materials.
(3) Select building coatings according to the decorative application cycle.
The glass-based temperature of elastic coatings is between -28 degrees and 22 degrees, so the paint film at room temperature has strong elasticity. The maximum length of the stretch, the longer the more elasticity, the better. The tensile strength can reach 6.8MPa, that is, the force required for stretching the paint film.
The glass -based temperature of ordinary paint is between 20 and 40 degrees, so the paint film is hard at room temperature. There is no elasticity. The stretch rate of the paint film is less than 50%, and the tensile strength is less than 4MPa.
In normal construction, the thickness of the dry paint film of elastic coatings is between 200 and 400 microns, while the thickness of the dry paint film of ordinary paint is 40 to 70 microns. Using elastic coatings, if the wall is cracking, the paint film can be expanded with it, the wall cracks can be made without cracking, and the cracks are prevented from further expanding.
It using ordinary paint, if the wall cracks, the paint film will also crack, so that the paint film will lose the protection function of the wall.
The elastic coatings:
The resistance to ultraviolet rays, which has super durability.
has permanent toughness, which can resist the cracking of the wall.
This can block the invasion of water and carbon dioxide.
has a special breathing ability to prevent the accumulation of water in the wall. It can also evaporate the water through the paint film
nA paint, used to it, also calls paint. Whether it is high -level decoration or ordinary decoration, it will use paint. The first role of the paint is to protect the surface, and the second role is to modify. In terms of wooden products, because the surface of the wooden products is a porous structure, it is not resistant to dirt, and at the same time, the surface is multi -eye, which is not beautiful enough. The paint can solve these problems at the same time.
The types of paint, choice, and precautions for the introduction. Of course, because there are too many varieties of paint, we only introduce the decoration part.
1. The classification of paint
) Classified by the site. The paint is mainly divided into wall paint, wood paint and metal paint. Wall paint includes exterior wall paint, interior wall paint and top paint, mainly latex paint and other varieties; wood paint mainly includes nitro paint, polyurethane paint, etc.; Metal paint is mainly magnetic paint.
) Classified by state. Paint can be divided into water -based paint and oily paint. Latex paint is the main water -based paint, while nitric paint and polyurethane paint are mostly oily paint.
) Classified by function. Pains can be divided into waterproof paint, fireproof paint, mildew paint, mosquito -resistant paint, and multifunctional paint with a variety of functions.
) Classified according to the form of action. Paint can be divided into volatile paint and non -volatile paint.
) Classified by surface effect. Paint can be divided into transparent paint, translucent paint and opaque paint.
2. The variety of paint
) Wood paint.
(1) Nitrobyl varnish. Nitrotic varnish is a transparent paint made of nitrifying cotton, alcoholic acid resin, plasticizer and organic solvent market. It is a volatile paint and has the characteristics of dryness and soft gloss. Nitro paint is divided into three types: bright, semi -matte and matte, which can be selected as needed. Nitro paint also has its disadvantages: high humidity weather is easy to white, full of plumpness, and low hardness.
(2) paint paint. A nitro paint belongs to a nitro paint, which is a non -transparent paint made of nitrate cotton, various synthetic resins, pigments and organic solvents. This paint is specially prepared for artificial construction and has more fast -drying characteristics.
(3) The main auxiliary agent of the nitro paint:
a. Tian Na water. It is a colorless transparent liquid that is mixed with organic solvents such as ester, alcohol, benzene, and ketone, which has a banana smell, which mainly reconciles nitro paint and curing.
b. Also called water -proof water, the scientific name is ethylene glycol monoline. In the construction of humid weather, the paint film will be whitening, and the diluted dose is appropriately added by 10%-15%of the nitro-magnetic white water to eliminate it.
(4) Polyester paint. It is a thick paint made of polyester resin as the main film. The paint film of polyester paint is full, and the layers are thick. Polyester paint also has a variety variety, called polyester paint.
The polyester paint needs to be solidified during the construction process, and the portion of these curing agents accounts for one -third of the total amount of paint. These curing agents are also called sclerosis, and their main components are TDI (toluene diisocyanate). These ionized TDIs will turn yellow, which will not only make the private paint surface of the family, but also make the neighboring wall yellow. This is a major disadvantage of polyester paint. At present, yellow -resistant polyester paint has appeared on the market, but it can only be “yellow -resistant”. Can’t completely prevent changes. In addition, the excellent free TDI beyond the standard will also cause harm to the human body. [See the content of this chapter 4 (3) for details. 〕
(5) Polyurethane paint. Polyurethane paint is the polyetamic compound. It has a strong paint film, full of luster, strong adhesion, water resistance, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. It is widely used for high -grade wooden furniture and can also be used for metal surfaces. The disadvantages are mainly bubbles, paint film powder, etc.; Like polyester paint, there are also yellowing problems. Polyurethane paint variety variety is called polyurethane paint.
) Inner wall paint. The inner wall paint is mainly divided into water -soluble paint and latex paint. Generally decoration uses latex paint. Latex paint is a lotion coating. According to the different substrates, it is divided into two categories: polyester ethylene emulsion and acrylic. Latex paint is water as a diluent. It is a paint with convenient construction, safety, water -resistant washing, and good breathability. Different colors can be adjusted according to different color schemes.
The latex paint is mainly composed of water, paint, emulsion, fillers and various additives. These raw materials are non -toxic, and may be toxic is mainly toxic glycol and organic mercury in the mold.
The so -called “latex paint” containing a large amount of formaldehyde on the market is actually water -soluble paint instead of latex paint. Some illegal manufacturers use inferior water -soluble paint to fake latex paint. Therefore, choosing positive goods and maintaining ventilation is an effective way to prevent pollution.
3) outer wall paint. The basic performance of the exterior wall latex paint is similar to the inner wall latex paint. However, the paint film is harder and has stronger water resistance. The exterior wall latex paint is generally used in the exterior wall, or it can also be used in a humid place such as the toilet.
of course, the exterior wall latex paint can be used internally, but please do not try to use the inner wall latex paint.
) Fireproof paint. Fireproof paint is a flame retardant coating made of a variety of materials such as film formats, flame retardants, foaming agents. Because a large number of flammable materials such as wood and fabrics are currently used, fire prevention is already a topic worth mentioning.
3. Selection of paint
(1) Select the appropriate paint species according to your needs. Do not blindly pursue a “advanced”, and it is even cheap to buy some inferior products.
(2) Try to purchase it at specialty stores or large stores, and pay attention to the advantages and disadvantages of the packaging.
(3) Do not trust the data of advertising promotion. What you need to care about is just whether the product meets national standards (GB).
In the first talk about clear water and mixed water
is very clear like water. You can see the bottom of the river. The paint used is transparent. You can see the color and patterns of the noodles. The water requirements are very high in clear water, and the selected materials are also very particular. The routine and commonly used clear water splints include water willow, red cricket, white ravioli, black walnut, red walnut, cherry, cherry, cherry, cherry, cherry, cherry Wood, maple, oak, sandy, teak, iron knife wood, zebra wood, various technology wood and so on.
It semi -clear and half mixed
is that the bottom of the river is very vague like water. The paint used is transparent and color powder, which is coated on the surface of the object.
Mixed water
is very mixed like water. You can’t see the bottom of the river. The paint is colorful, coated on the surface of the object, and can cover the coating.
What is the mix of water mixing
is the same as the method of water, but when the paint is used, the surface of the coating is repaired. Color, then drawing the varnish, the practice is the same as clear water in the future.